# | EMI | Interest | Principal | Balance |
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Formula: EMI = P × r × (1+r)^n / ((1+r)^n − 1), where r = monthly rate, n = number of months.
SIP FV formula (monthly compounding): FV = A × [((1+i)^n − 1)/i] × (1+i), where i = r/12.
Required SIP for a goal: A = FV × i / [((1+i)^n − 1) × (1+i)].
FV = P × (1 + r/m)^(m×t), where m = compounding periods/yr.
SI = P×r×t. CI Amount = P×(1+r/m)^(m×t). CI = Amount − P.
Breakeven ≈ Buy × (1 + total cost%). We apply cost on both legs for realism.